What is Bursitis?

Bursitis is the inflammation of a bursa, a small fluid-filled sac that acts as a cushion between bones, tendons, muscles, and skin near the joints. These sacs help reduce friction during movement, but when they become irritated or inflamed, they can cause significant pain and discomfort. Bursitis most commonly affects the shoulders, elbows, hips, and knees, but it can occur in any joint.

Symptoms of Bursitis

The primary symptoms of bursitis include:

• Pain: Often sharp and localized to the affected joint, the pain may worsen with movement or pressure.

• Swelling: The inflamed bursa can cause noticeable swelling around the joint.

• Tenderness: The area may feel tender to the touch.

• Limited Movement: The discomfort and swelling can make it difficult to move the affected joint freely.

Common Causes of Bursitis

Bursitis is typically caused by repetitive motions or prolonged pressure on a joint. Some common triggers include:

1. Repetitive Activities: Frequent overhead reaching, kneeling, or leaning on elbows can irritate the bursa.

2. Injury or Trauma: A direct impact to the joint can lead to inflammation of the bursa.

3. Prolonged Pressure: Resting on a hard surface for extended periods can put stress on a joint.

4. Age: The risk of bursitis increases with age as joints and tissues wear down over time.

5. Underlying Conditions: Diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, or diabetes can increase the likelihood of developing bursitis.

Types of Bursitis

1. Shoulder Bursitis: Often caused by repetitive overhead motions, common in athletes or jobs requiring lifting.

2. Elbow Bursitis: Known as "student's elbow," it can result from leaning on the elbows for long periods.

3. Hip Bursitis: Typically caused by prolonged standing or running, it affects the outer part of the hip.

4. Knee Bursitis: Often referred to as "housemaid's knee," it occurs due to kneeling for extended durations.

5. Heel Bursitis: Resulting from excessive walking, running, or ill-fitting shoes.

Diagnosing Bursitis

A healthcare provider will typically diagnose bursitis through a physical exam and medical history. Imaging tests like X-rays, ultrasounds, or MRIs may be used to rule out other conditions or assess the severity. In some cases, fluid from the bursa may be analyzed to check for infection or gout.

Treatment for Bursitis

Most cases of bursitis improve with simple, non-invasive treatments, including:

• Rest: Avoiding activities that irritate the affected joint.

• Ice Therapy: Applying ice packs to reduce swelling and pain.

• Medication: Over-the-counter pain relievers like arthrus, ibuprofen or naproxen can help manage symptoms.

• Physical Therapy: Gentle exercises can improve mobility and strengthen surrounding muscles.

• Injections: Corticosteroid injections may be used for severe inflammation.

In rare cases, if the bursa becomes infected or doesn’t improve with conservative treatment, surgical removal may be required.

Preventing Bursitis

Preventing bursitis involves minimizing repetitive stress and pressure on joints:

• Use proper technique during physical activities.

• Take frequent breaks when performing repetitive tasks.

• Wear protective gear, such as knee pads, if your work or hobbies involve kneeling.

• Maintain a healthy weight to reduce stress on joints.

• Incorporate stretching and strengthening exercises to support joint health.

Final Thoughts

Bursitis can be painful and disruptive, but with proper care and preventive measures, most cases can be managed effectively. If you experience persistent pain or swelling in a joint, consult a healthcare provider to ensure an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Taking steps to care for your joints now can help keep you moving comfortably in the long run!